Real Time Operating System Based Smart Home Automation
Made by parikshitpagare / Communication / Displays / Home Automation / Lights / Sensors
About the project
A complete home automation system developed on ESP32 microcontroller using freeRTOS. The system is controlled wirelessly via Bluetooth from a dedicated android app.
Project info
Difficulty: Moderate
Platforms: Android, Espruino, Espressif, MIT App Inventor
Estimated time: 2 weeks
License: MIT license (MIT)
Items used in this project
Hardware components
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Story
About 'Smart Home Automation'
When we think of home automation we generally visualize switching on/off some buttons, temperature monitoring, etc.
It is not smart automation in true sense.
- To achieve true home automation RTOS is integrated in the system which can perform multiple things simultaneously.
- The system is smart enough to automatically trigger actions based on certain events happening in real time.
Features
- Wireless control with Bluetooth
- Dedicated Android app
- Activity monitoring on OLED display and app
- Temperature sensing using DHT11 sensor
- Light intensity sensing using LDR
- Fan/Light control in 3 modes - manual, automatic (based on sensors) and off
- Person detection at door using ultrasonic sensor
- Touch detection on door with alarm using ESP32 inbuilt touch sensor
- Smoke detection with alarm using MQ2 sensor
Hardware
System Overview
- The entire system is custom made with wiring and placements planned according to requirements.
- It is developed to resemble a room in a house.
Software
- To program the microcontroller Arduino IDE is used which is compatible with ESP32.
- In addition certain libraries are required for proper functioning of the microcontroller and interfaced components.
Libraries
- Bluetooth Serial
- Wire
- DHT
- Adafruit_SSD1306
- Adafruit_GFX
- Ticker
RTOS
- Another important software required is freeRTOS which is responsible for real time functioning of components present in the system.
- ESP32 supports freeRTOS out of the box in Arduino IDE with its own flavour on the top of original for proper integration.
Android App
The Android app is developed on MIT App Inventor platform.
Working
Working of the entire Home Automation System.
Connecting to App
- Connect/Disconnect button is provided in the app to connect with the system via Bluetooth.
- There is no external Bluetooth module used as the ESP32 microcontroller has one builtin.
Activity Monitoring
- All the sensor activity and switch controls are monitored on OLED display that is interfaced using I2C communication protocol.
- The same is monitored on the android app.
Temperature and Light Sensing
- DHT11 digital sensor is used to sense temperature in the room and it is monitored on App/OLED.
- Light intensity in the room is sensed using a LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) module. This is used for automatic switching of bulb as explained later.
Smoke Detection
- For safety purpose, a smoke detection unit is implemented with MQ2 sensor which activates a buzzer and Led in presence of smoke.
- The buzzer turns off automatically once the smoke disappears.
Person Detection
- If a person comes in the range of ultrasonic sensor mounted on the door, the App/OLED displays presence of the person and Led turns on to notify the same.
Touch Detection
- If a person touches the door handle a buzzer is activated and App/OLED displays presence of touch along with an Led indicator.
- It can be deactivated by pressing the turn off button on app.
- Touch sensing is implemented using ESP32 inbuilt touch sensor
Fan/Light Control
The fan/bulb is operated in 3 modes using relays,
Manual Mode
- Buttons on the App are used to manually switch on/off the bulb and fan.
Automatic Mode
- Automated switching of fan and light based on temperature monitored by DHT11 sensor and light intensity measured by LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) respectively is implemented.
- The fan automatically turns on when the temperature crosses threshold value of 33°C and turns off when it falls below the threshold.
- Based on the lighting conditions in the room sensed by LDR, the bulb turns on automatically when light intensity falls below certain threshold and vice versa.
Off Mode
- Everything can be switched off at once with one button on the app when leaving the room.
Schematics, diagrams and documents
Code
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